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Missed Approach
During a missed approach the RNP will ramp up from 0.3 back to the 1.0 that is required for the terminal area. A few approaches, such as KSDL RNAV (RNP) Y Rwy 3, have a note stating: “Missed approach requires RNP less than 1.0.” Most airplanes will not be capable of conducting this approach due to this restriction.
Non-normal
The FMS also provides internal monitoring and alerting of the approach and as stated earlier, does not use WAAS. Non-normal indications include: “UNABLE RNP,” NO APPR,” “EFIS MISCOMP,” and “Loss of GNSS.” A missed approach is also required during training to practice sequencing the FMS through the missed approach.
Miscellaneous
• You must have and use the local altimeter setting.
• The primary altimeters must be within 100 feet of each other; if you have two.
• You may not proceed direct-to-waypoint immediate- ly preceding an RF (curved) leg; you must start on a straight leg.
• You must also monitor TAWS (Terrain Awareness equip- ment) to ensure obstacle and terrain clearance.
Titles and Minimums
The titles of the approach plates prove to be one of the most difficult areas to understand. They are inconsistent between Jeppesen, FAA, TERPS, and Pans Ops. Just because “RNP” is in the title does not necessarily indicate that it is an RNP AR approach. All FAA government RNAV charts indicate “RNP Apch” in the notes, even for the normal approach minimums of LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, and LPV ap- proaches. You must actually look at the minimums section to determine the type of approach.
GPS Approaches have come a long way since their con- ception. I never envisioned that I would be flying curved approaches with vertical guidance to a decision altitude. If your flight simulator is set up for these approaches, you might be able to persuade your instructor to let you fly one during your next recurrent training to see if they’re right for you or your operation.
Ed Verville is an experienced FAA instructor and examiner for business jet pilots and aircrew programs. He has more than 15,000 flight hours in 98 different makes and models, and holds type ratings in the Bombardier CL-65, CL-30, CL-604 and Boeing 747. Ed has been instructing RNP-AR Approaches for the past three years.
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6 • TWIN & TURBINE / July 2023